Diode voltage multiplier
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Diode voltage multiplier
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Diode voltage multiplier
- 2. What is VoltageMultiplier? A voltage multiplier is an electrical circuit that converts AC electrical power from a lower voltage to a higher DCvoltage, typically usinga network of capacitorsanddiodes.
- 3. Typesof Voltage Multiplier Depending on the output voltage, multipliers canbe of different types VoltageDoublers • Halfwavevoltagedoubler • Fullwavevoltagedoubler VoltageTipplers VoltageQuadrupler
- 4. Voltage Doubler, Tripler and Quadrupler
- 6. • Positive Half-Cycle o D1 conducts o D2 is switched off o Capacitor C1 charges to Vm • Negative Half-Cycle o D1 is switched off o D2 conducts o Capacitor C2 charges to 2Vm Vout = VC2 = 2Vm HalfwaveVoltage Doubler
- 7. 7 • Positive Half-Cycle o D1 conducts o D2 is switched off o Capacitor C1 charges to Vm • Negative Half-Cycle o D1 is switched off o D2 conducts o Capacitor C2 charges to Vm Full Wave Voltage Multiplier Vout = VC1 + VC2 = 2Vm
- 9. Voltage Tripler During first positive half cycle: • Diode D1 is forward biased whereas diodes D2 and D3 are reverse biased. • Current will flows to the capacitor C1 and charges it toVm During negative half cycle: • Diode D2 is forward biased whereas diodes D1 and D3 are reverse biased. • Current will flows to the capacitor C2 and charges it. The capacitor C2 is charged to twice the peak voltage of the input signal (2Vm). This is because the charge (Vm) stored in the capacitor C1 is discharged during the negative half cycle.
- 10. During second positive half cycle: • Diode D3 is forward biased whereas diodes D1 and D2 are reverse biased. • As a result, the voltage (2Vm) across capacitor C2 is discharged. This charge will flow to the capacitor C3 and charges it to the same voltage 2Vm. • The capacitors C1 and C3 are in series and the output voltage is taken across the two series connected capacitors C1 and C3. • The voltage across capacitor C1 is Vm and capacitor C3 is 2Vm. So the total output voltage is equal to the sum of capacitor C1 voltage and capacitor C3voltage i.e. C1 + C3 = Vm + 2Vm = 3Vm.
- 12. Voltage Quadrupler During first positive half cycle: • Diode D1 is forward biased whereas diodes D2, D3 and D4 are reverse biased. • Current will flows to the capacitor C1 and charges it to the input voltage I.e. Vm. During first negative half cycle: • Diode D2 is forward biased and diodes D1, D3 and D4 are reverse biased. • Current will flows to the capacitor C2 and charges it. The capacitor C2 is charged to twice the peak voltage of the input signal (2Vm). This is because the charge (Vm) stored in the capacitor C1 is discharged during the negative half cycle. • Therefore, the capacitor C1 voltage (Vm) and the input voltage (Vm) is added to the capacitor C2 I.e Capacitor voltage + input voltage = Vm + Vm = 2Vm. As a result, the capacitor C2charges to 2Vm
- 13. During second positive half cycle: • Diode D3 is forward biased and diodes D1, D2 and D4 are reverse biased. • As a result, the voltage (2Vm) across capacitor C2 is discharged. This charge will flow to the capacitor C3 and charges it to the same voltage 2Vm. During second negative half cycle: • Diodes D2 and D4 are forward biased whereas diodes D1 and D3 are reverse biased. • As a result, the charge (2Vm) stored in the capacitor C3 is discharged. This charge will flow to the capacitor C4 and charges it to the same voltage (2Vm). • The capacitors C2 and C4 are in series and the output voltage is taken across the two series connected capacitors C2 and C4. • The voltage across capacitor C2 is 2Vm and capacitor C4 is 2Vm. So the total output voltage is equal to the sum of capacitor C2 voltage and capacitor C4voltage I.e. C2 + C4 = 2Vm + 2Vm = 4Vm.
- 14. PracticleApplications Voltage multipliers are used in: • Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs) • Laser systems • X-ray systems • LCD backlighting • Power supplies • Oscilloscopes • Particle accelerators • Copy machines
- 15. Disadvantages NeedProtectionCircuit LowCurrent DelayGreaterthantransformer Costdependupon Capacitors LowCost ProduceHighVoltage Alternative ofTransformer Advantages